How to Tell the Difference Between Real vs Fake Gemstones

Gemstones have been treasured for centuries due to their beauty, rarity, and durability. From diamonds and rubies to sapphires and emeralds, these vibrant stones bring elegance and luxury to any piece of jewelry. However, with the growing popularity of synthetic and imitation gemstones, distinguishing between real vs fake gemstones has become increasingly challenging. Whether you’re shopping for a new piece of jewelry or starting your gemstone collection, knowing how to identify real vs fake gemstones is essential to ensure you receive the quality and value you deserve.

In this blog, we will guide you through the most reliable methods for spotting the difference between real vs fake gemstones, so you can confidently make your next purchase.

1. Real vs Fake Gemstones: Examine the Stone’s Clarity and Inclusions

One of the key features of a natural gemstone is its inclusions—tiny imperfections or internal characteristics that form naturally during the stone’s creation. These inclusions can vary greatly from one gemstone to another and play a crucial role in identifying a gemstone as genuine.

Real gemstones, particularly diamonds, rubies, or sapphires, often contain slight imperfections or inclusions. These may appear as small specks, cracks, or natural markings, each one unique to the stone. A gemologist or jeweler can use a loupe or magnifying glass to examine these inclusions, helping to confirm the authenticity of the gemstone.

In contrast, fake gemstones are often flawless. Synthetic or imitation stones, such as cubic zirconia or glass, are typically produced with a perfect, smooth surface and lack internal imperfections. Therefore, if you come across a gemstone that appears too perfect, it’s likely not a real one.

2. Real vs Fake Gemstones: Check the Color and Consistency

Real gemstones typically exhibit a natural, subtle variation in color and tone. These colors are often deep and rich, with slight nuances scattered throughout the stone. Genuine gems like sapphires, emeralds, and rubies will show a mix of tones and shades, adding depth and character to the stone.

In contrast, fake gemstones often have a more uniform color throughout the entire stone. They may appear overly vibrant or lack the natural color variations that real gemstones display. Additionally, some synthetic gems might look too “perfect,” with little to no variation in color. This lack of natural variation is a clear sign that the stone is not genuine.

3. Real vs Fake Gemstones: The “Weight Test”

Genuine gemstones are typically heavier than their imitation counterparts, thanks to the density of the natural materials they’re made from. For example, diamonds are renowned for their high density, whereas cubic zirconia, a common fake diamond substitute, tends to be lighter despite having a similar appearance.

Real gemstones generally feel heavier and more solid than synthetic stones, which are often made from materials like glass, resin, or plastic. While this weight test isn’t definitive on its own, comparing the weight of a stone with that of a known real gemstone can provide a helpful clue.

4. Observe the Stone’s Hardness

Each genuine gemstone has a specific hardness, which is determined by the Mohs scale of hardness. Real gemstones, such as diamonds, rubies, and sapphires, are incredibly hard and resistant to scratching and wear. In fact, diamonds are the hardest known material, scoring a perfect 10 on the Mohs scale.

To test hardness, you can use a simple method, such as scratching the surface of the gemstone with a steel file or another harder material. However, be cautious when performing this test, as you don’t want to accidentally damage the stone.

In contrast, fake gemstones like cubic zirconia or glass are much softer than real gemstones and will scratch more easily. Therefore, if your stone gets scratched easily, it’s likely not a real gem.

5. Check for Bubbles

One of the easiest ways to identify a real vs fake gemstone is by checking for bubbles. Fake gemstones, often made from glass or resin, may have tiny air bubbles trapped inside. These bubbles are a clear sign that the stone is not genuine.

In contrast, real gemstones do not have bubbles. They are solid and naturally formed under pressure and heat. Therefore, if you examine the stone under magnification and notice small bubbles inside, it’s likely a fake.

6. Look for the Refractive Index

The refractive index (RI) measures how light bends as it passes through a gemstone. Each type of gemstone has a unique refractive index, which can help determine whether the stone is genuine.

Real gemstones have a specific and measurable refractive index. For example, diamonds possess a high RI, making them sparkle more intensely, while rubies and sapphires have slightly lower indices. On the other hand, fake stones like cubic zirconia or glass have a different refractive index and will generally appear less brilliant compared to real gemstones when viewed under proper lighting conditions.

If you have access to a gemological refractometer, a device used by jewelers and gemologists, you can measure the RI to confirm whether the gemstone is genuine.

7. Use the UV Light Test

Some real gemstones fluoresce under UV (ultraviolet) light, revealing a soft glow in various colors. For example, certain diamonds, sapphires, and rubies exhibit fluorescence when exposed to UV light.

In contrast, fake gemstones might not fluoresce the same way, or they may glow unnaturally. Many synthetic stones are made from materials that don’t respond to UV light in the same manner as natural gemstones. By shining a UV light on your gemstone and observing its reaction, you can often determine whether it is real or fake.

8. Examine the Setting

The setting of a gemstone in a piece of jewelry can also provide valuable clues about its authenticity. Genuine gemstones are typically set in high-quality metal settings, such as platinum, gold, or sterling silver. On the other hand, fake gemstones are often found in cheaper metals like brass or copper.

If the gemstone is set in poorly crafted jewelry, the setting may indicate that the gemstone is not real. Additionally, authentic gemstones often come with certificates or appraisals, particularly if they are high-quality stones like diamonds or emeralds. Therefore, examining the setting and verifying any accompanying documentation can help confirm whether the gemstone is genuine.

9. Get a Professional Opinion

If you’re unsure about the authenticity of a gemstone, the most reliable way to verify it is by consulting a gemologist or professional jeweler. These experts possess the tools, knowledge, and experience necessary to conduct tests on the stone and give you an accurate assessment of whether it’s real or fake.

Many jewelers offer gem testing services, and you can often request an appraisal or certificate of authenticity when purchasing expensive gemstones. Furthermore, if you’re buying online, ensure that the seller is reputable and provides certificates for their gemstones. By taking these steps, you can confidently confirm the authenticity of the gemstone you’re interested in.

Conclusion

Knowing how to tell the difference between real and fake gemstones is essential for anyone who loves jewelry or is looking to buy a valuable stone. By carefully examining the color, clarity, weight, hardness, and other key characteristics, you can easily identify whether the gemstone is a genuine natural gem or an imitation.

While some of these tests can be done at home, consulting a professional is always a great option for added certainty, especially when investing in high-quality stones. Additionally, by doing thorough research and paying close attention to the details, you’ll gain the confidence to spot a real gemstone from a fake one. Explore our collection today and make an informed purchase!